SAVANA/TUPY AND THE MAGICS FLUTES

AUTHOR: TUPY BARJUD
The savanna is a type of vegetation that occurs in medium latitudes and, usually, in regions of tropical climate with prolonged dry season and in poor and acidic soils. These plant formations are made up of shrubs, grasses and small trees.

General features

The savannas present both shrub formations and tree formations. Savannah trees have deep roots, thick leaves and twisted trunks. These characteristics allow this vegetation to be resistant to the drought period typical of the climate in which it is located.

The deep roots make it possible to obtain water from the water table during the dry season. As a mechanism of adaptation to this period, trees and shrubs often lose their leaves to lessen the need for water. Vegetations such as these are called deciduous: the leaves expire, that is, they fall on the arrival of the dry season and are reborn as soon as the rainy season begins.

Types of savannah

As the savanna is a type of vegetation present in several regions of the world, which evidently have different physical characteristics (climate, relief, presence of rivers, proximity to the sea, etc.), this vegetation also has its own characteristics. distinguish.

Usually, savannas are divided into four distinct forms:

Typical (shrub) savannah: features shrubs and trees (tree) up to seven meters high with trunks and twisted branches protected by thick bark;

Forested (tree) savanna: presents trees up to 12 meters high and is more closed and dense than the typical savannah. It is usually located near water courses;
Arborized savanna: predominance of herbaceous vegetation (soft or malleable stem plants, usually creeping), mainly grasses, and small trees and shrubs quite spaced apart;

Grass-woody savanna: consisting of herbaceous vegetation, trees are rare or nonexistent.
There are savannas in South America, Africa, Oceania and Asia. The savannah is considered the fourth largest biome in the world, with about 15 million km2, corresponding to about 33% of the continental surface of the Earth, 40% of the tropical belt and home to 20% of the world population.
In South America, the savannah is the second largest type of vegetation in extent, second only to the Amazon Rainforest. However, it is not consensual what are the types of vegetation that make up the savannah in the South American continent. The most accepted is to consider as savannah the Brazilian Cerrado, the Venezuelan and Colombian Llanos of the Orinoco River and the Llanos de Mojos of Bolivia.
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